PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR L. (STEM)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the presence of phytochemical constituents and their
potential pharmacological activity of Amaranthus tricolor L. Methanol extract of the dry
pulverized stem of Amaranthus tricolor obtained by cold extraction method. The stem extract
was subjected to a preliminary phytochemical screening by standard methods. Phytochemical
analysis revealed alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phenols, tannins in the stem extract. The
methanol extract showed intense thrombolytic activity with 66.3% clot lysis compared to 100μl
Streptokinase (Standard), which showed 76% clot lysis. Methanol steam extract 250mg/kg
showed 32.7% inhibition of feces and 55% inhibition of diarrhea, and 500mg/kg extract
showed 27.9% inhibition of manure and 40% inhibition of diarrhea which Compare to standard
[Loperamide] showed 44 % inhibition of feces and 59.97 % inhibition of diarrhea. Methanol
steam extract 250 mg/kg reduces 40% pain and at 500 mg/kg reduces 42.5%, which, Compare
to the Standard (Diclofenac Na), worked as 77.5% pain induction. All results obtained from the
research suggest that the plant's stem has moderately positive Antidiarrheal activity test,
Analgesic, and thrombolytic properties. Therefore, considering potential biodiversity, plant
ingredients can be widely researched to find their unelected effectiveness and to make use of
them as traditional medicines.